Impetigo : What Is It ? Tretament, Nurse Management, Natural Treatment And Advice For Patient
Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection of the skin caused by
- Streptococci
- Staphylococci or
- Multiple bacteria
The lesions begin as small red macular (spot), which quickly become discrete thin alled vesicles that soon rapture and become covered with loose adherent honey yellow crust. The crusts are easily removed and reveal smooth, red moist surfaces on which new crusts soon develop.
Common sites: The exposed area of the body such as, face, hands, neck and xtremities are the most frequently involved.
Note: impetigo is known to be contagious and may spread to other parts of patient’s skin or to other members of the family who touch the patient or use towels that are soiled with the exudates of the lesions
-Although impetigo is seen at all levels of ages, it is particularly common among children living in poor hygienic conditions it also appears secondary to pediculus capitis, scabies, herpes simplex, insect bites and eczema etc.
Common signs and symptoms:
- Small lesions which are vesicular or bullous
- Red macules followed by thin adherent honey – yellow crust
- Crust are easily removed
- Itching and oozing when vesicle is ruptured
Diagnosis and clinical finding
-History
-Physical exam (detecting of lesion)
-Culture gram stain
-Sites of involved
Nursing care
-Nursing assessment
-Examine and determine the types of lesion
-Consider the site of involvement
-Rule out underlying skin conditions
-Clean the skin
-Apply topical antiseptic cream or antibiotics
-Treat with systemic antibiotic
-Advise on personal hygiene
-Relief pain by using non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
-Systematic antibiotic therapy
-Clean the wound with antiseptic preparation to reduce bacterial content
-Wash lesions with water or soak soap solution
-After crusts are removed, topical medication will be used eg neomycin or tetracycline or mupirocin is applied,
-Glove should be given when care is given to the patient
Preventive measure
• Patient education and home care.
• The patient and family should be instructed to bath at least once daily with bactericidal soap cleanliness and good hygienic practices help to prevent the spread of the lesions from one skin area to another and from one person to another
• Each person should have separate towel because impetigo is contagious until totally cure.
Complications
-Spread of infection, cellulites, erthyma
-Glomerulo – nephritis (Systematic reaction to streptococcal antigens)
-Scaring formation in deeper lesion
-Disfiguring and loss of asthetic appearance (Post inflammatory hypo or hyper pigmented of skin)
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