Arthropod associated Skin Disease : What Is It ? Natural Treatment, Nursing Management, and Advice For Patient

Arthropod associated Skin Disease : What Is It ? Natural Treatment, Nursing Management, and Advice For Patient

Scabies

Scabies is common infestation of the skin caused by, the mite called Sarcoptes scabies.

Epidemiology

Scabies can occurs in all economic strata of society in poor persons living under substandard and unhygienic condition, and those living in institutions including prisoners and soldiers and those with compromised or immature immune system but can occur in any person.

Mode of transmission

Scabies is contagious & spread from person to person by direct physical contact, including sexual contact

Incubation period

Several days or even weeks (two to four weeks) after exposure to an infected person., the adult female burrows into the superficial layer of the skin and remains there for the rest of her life laying eggs daily for up to 2 months and then dies. The eggs hatch in 3 to 4 days and progress through and form adult mites in about 10 days.

Clinical manifestation

The main symptoms of scabies is itching during the night

Classic signs of scabies are the following:-

• The patient complains of severe itching caused by immunologic reaction to the mite or allergic reaction to the waste products produced by mite which burrows in the epidermis.

• Because of penetration of mite, there is a visible papule or vesicle.The the classical sites are prominent between finger webs, flexurel surface of wrist, elbow, anterior axillary fold, belt line, inner surface of thigh, gluteal fold penis or scrotum. In women the nipples, abdomen and lower portion of buttocks are affected. The lesion is excoriated & crusted and bacterial super infection may result from constant excoriation.

• The lesion is itchy as a result secondary bacterial infection can occur and there is creuting & excoriation marks.


Management and nursing intervention

1. Instruct patient instruct to take warm, soapy baths or shower to remove the scaling debris from the crust, and dry thoroughly and allow skin to cool applying scabicide 1 % gamma hexachloride cream or lotion immediately after bathing prior drying & cooling of the skin, increases per cutaneous absorption of scabicide has the potential for CNS side effects such as seizures.

2. Benzyl benzoate lotion 25% apply for 3 consecutive days , no washing in between

3. Sulfur ointment 5% - 10% can be used for 7 days

4. 1% gamma benzene, hexacholrde single application enough but not available in Ethiopia.

5. 5% of permetherin cream single applications enough but advised to repeat treatment after week. Topical application must be applied from neck to toe. The patient should wear clean clothing & sleep between freshly laundered bed linens and all bedding and clothing should be washed in very hot water or ironed.

6. After treatment is completed ointments such as emollients like parfine or Vaseline should be applied to skin lesion, because scabicide may be irritating the skin.

N.B . Itching may remain a troublesome problem for a few weeks due to the occurrence of hypersensitivity particularly in the atopic (allergic) person but it is not a sign of treatment failure.

- The patient is instructed not to apply more scabicide because it will cause more irritation and increased itching and not to take frequent hot shower because it dries skin and produces itching.

- All family members and close contact should be treated simultaneously to eliminate the mite.

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Arthropod associated Skin Disease : What Is It ? Natural Treatment, Nursing Management, and Advice For Patient 2018-12-26T00:22:00-08:00 Rating: 4.5 Diposkan Oleh: David Maharoni